During the Vietnam War (1964-1973) 8,744,000 served, but by the time conscription ended in 1973, only a quarter of elligible males were actually being conscripted. 2014], British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). What used to be a shadow war of covert operations, sabotage, and proxy conflict is turning into a more direct military confrontation between the long-time regional adversaries. Under the current amnesty plan, citizens who have not reported for compulsory military service for eight years after they first become eligible have until the end of the Iranian year (March 20, 2019) to pay a fine and avoid conscription. And you need to apply to the embassy for an "exit stamp" (mohr e khorooj) . Iranian soldier with his commander (1950s) Conscription was first introduced by Reza Shah in June 1925 and approved as law by the National Consultative Assembly. The BBC reports that, according to General Kamali, current conscripts and people who will be serving by the end of the year, which is 20 March 2014, will not be affected by the extension of service (26 Dec. 2014). "Iran Cuts Military Service Term." 2014a)], and whom after entering their 13 years of age, have been living abroad for a minimum of 2 years (as substantiated through presentation of relevant exit and entry stamps as placed in the applicant's passport by Iranian border guards and officials), are eligible for buying themselves out of Military Duty and thereby obtaining an Exemption card, upon paying the sum of 100,000,000 Rials [$4315 CAD (XE 27 Mar. Original and photocopy of the Certificate of Completion of Military Service or Exemption from Service, or filling out Form#104 for granting permission to exit once . If the person does not return to Iran, the amount is taken by the authorities. Alternate Documents:Amended identity certificates that indicate an individuals correct marital status can be obtained. The birth certificate booklet and national identification card of the deceased (if available); The birth certificate of the deceaseds spouse (if applicable); and. The IHRDC indicates that, "[i]n particular, gay men and transsexual persons who obtain military exemption due to their sexual orientation are at a significant disadvantage" because their cards for military exemption indicate the reason as "a psychological disorder" (IHRDC 7 Nov. 2013). Police records are not required for immigrant visa applicants because posts cannot verify them. The validity of CW-1 and CW-2 visas shall not exceed the maximum initial period of admission allowed by DHS (12 months) or the duration of the transition period ending December 31, 2014, whichever is shortest. General Kamali reportedly added that "for those who live outside of the country, the option of paying off military service had been cancelled earlier this year. They must report at a specific date to the headquarters of the Law Enforcement Department of the drafta unit of the Iranian policewhich is in charge of paperwork and summoning draftees for service. No S visa may be issued without first obtaining the Department's authorization. Visa Classification: The type of nonimmigrant visa you are applying for. According to a 7 July 2011 report by LANDINFO, Norway's Country of Origin Information Centre, religious minorities "are called in for military service on an equal basis with other Iranians, but are barred from making a military career" (Norway 7 July 2011, 6). If the candidate gave any suggestive evidence of emotional instability, such as nervousness at the time of examination, sweaty hands, or expressed fears, he was usually rejected. Afshon Ostovar. In the United States by the year 2018, obesity was among other shortcomings such as physical fitness deficiencies and lack of a high school diploma that disqualified about 70% of 17-to-24-year-olds from serving. [Accessed 27 Mar. Al Jazeera reports that volunteers start their service at 18 years of age (Al Jazeera 24 Apr. Accordingly, the period of validity of a V-2 or V-3 visa must be limited to expire on or before the applicant's twenty-first birthday. 2) Exemption from military service is available on several grounds. Iran's 1986 population of approximately 48.2 million (including approximately 2.6 million refugees) gave the armed forces a large pool from which to fill its manpower needs, despite the existence . Effective February 24, 2023, the Implementation of Additional Sanctions Against Russia and Belarus Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and Refinements to Existing Controls rule (the "Russia/Belarus Rule") amends the EAR by:. "Iran's Basij: Membership in a Militant Islamist Organization." A new regulation which was passed in 2014 and had been gradually implemented in the follwoing two years, had two new features. ): Document Name:Passport of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Gozarnameh-ye Jomhuriye Eslamiye Iran). Sources indicate that the duration of compulsory military service ranges from 18 to 24 months (BBC 26 Dec. 2013; Al-Monitor 19 Dec. 2013). Two witnesses are required. Original and photocopy of the Certificate of Completion of Military Service or Exemption from Service, or filling out Form [ 104 ] for granting permission to exit . 2012)] is 15 (ibid. According to the Iranian Islamic Public Military Service Act, these include educational exemptions, medical exemptions and guardianship exemptions. Thus far, this regulation is expected to be in effect up to 04/11/1390 [24 January 2012 (Taghvim.com 28 Mar. Although care has been taken to ensure the accuracy, completeness and reliability of the information provided, please contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where you plan to apply if you believe this information is in error or if you have further questions. The military exemption cards increase. How to obtain an Iranian military exemption - Quora Answer (1 of 5): Iran doesn't recognize dual citizenship, so in addition to their less restricted usage of detention in methods that are not as common in most first would countries, there remains the possibility that one will be detained indefinitely and without charge for whatever reason. Comments:Available but unreliable. Desertion is punishable by two to 12 months' imprisonment in case the deserter surrenders himself to the authorities. (Factiva), _____. Exemption cards show the reason for exemption in the usual place of service dates, and these cards also have a different photo border from service cards. "Currency Converter." MILITARY CARD: Iranian applicants need to provide original, copy and certified English translation of military card. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. They were tasked with randomly picking conscripts. Individuals who have a handicap or suffer from a certain illness and are thus not in a complete state of health, however yet well capable of carrying out non-combat/military-related services in offices. It was commented that young dissatisfied individuals could be perceived as a potential source of unrest by the authorities. In December 2013, media sources reported that, according to General Kamali, due to a shortage of personnel, Iran may increase the length of military service to 24 months (BBC 26 Dec. 2013; Al-Monitor 19 Dec. 2013). Sources indicate that military service is mandatory for all males in Iran (IHRDC 7 Nov. 2013; Al-Monitor 19 Dec. 2013; Human Rights Watch Dec. 2010, 23). Email: un@sabteahval.ir, Document Name:Shenasnameh (Birth certificate or identity certificate), Issuing Authority:National Organization of Civil Registration. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. being the only son of the family. "We are a Buried Generation." Alireza Heidary Roushi, Mitra Mahdavi-Mazdeh, Mahnaz Zamyadi. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. No 184, Imam Khomeini Street, Tehran, Iran Thousands of Iranians attend a funeral for 150 Iran-Iraq war (1980-88) unknown Martyrs that have found by the Iranian Martyrs investigation group in the war main field 34-years after a ceasefire between Iran and Iraq in 1988. Renewals of old birth certificates or replacements of lost birth certificates are available by applying in person at the registry office. They, like less-educated conscripts, are often disciplined for minor infractions. There are reports that the Mandean/Ahwaz minority in the South-West of the country are forced to perform military service despite their pacifist religious beliefs and are consequently fleeing the country in large numbers. U.S. Visa: Reciprocity and Civil Documents by Country. The first compulsory military service bill was passed ninety-six years ago, during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi. On 21 December 2013, Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA), Iran's official news agency (World-newspapers.com n.d.), reported that the High Council of Iranian Affairs Abroad was seeking authorization to reduce service for students studying abroad "in return" for presenting their research studies. (US 26 Feb. 2014). [Accessed 13 Mar. After the United States entered the World War, a large Army was needed immediately. The Main Representative to the UN for the International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR), a Netherlands-based organization founded in 1914 that is "against war and its preparation" with "branches, affiliates and groups in more than 40 countries" who has been monitoring issues of military service and conscientious objection worldwide with a view to reporting [and] briefing treaty bodies and other UN mechanisms and procedures indicated that "there are no provisions for alternate service" in Iran. 2014], _____. Of that number, an estimated 220,000 were conscripts. The news met with widespread outrage. Our programs and centers deliver in-depth, highly relevant issue briefs and reports that break new ground, shift opinions, and set agendas on public policy, with a focus on advancing debates by integrating foundational research and analysis with concrete policy solutions. International Fellowship of Reconciliation (IFOR). 20-07-2019 12:07:30 ZULU, The Iranian Military Under the Islamic Republic, IRAN'S GROUND FORCES: MORALE AND MANPOWER. After completing basic training outside of Semnan Air Defense Base, I received some mediocre training as a member of the military police and mostly did office work. For those who live in the country, paying to avoid military service has not always been offered" (Al-Monitor 19 Dec. 2013). According to the IFOR Main Representative to the UN, in Iran, "persons who are unwilling to perform military service, for whatever reason, are either recruited against their will or seek to escape or evade recruitment" (18 Mar. According to art. By 1986 the country's overall literacy rate was estimated at 50 percent, a dramatic improvement. This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary for its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. [Accessed 20 Mar. Shortly afterwards, the Iranian lesbian and transgender network 6Rang (Six Colours) named the victim as 20-year-old Ali Fazeli Monfared, known as Alireza. 2014], World-newspapers.com. 2014], Denmark and Norway. However, in reality, this interest predates the 1979 revolution and reflects a deep-seated desire for national prestige and development, as well as a need to deter regional rivals. (Regardless of academic documents, or period of absence from service). [Accessed 13 Mar. According to two sources, the length of service depends on the geographical location of the conscript (IHRDC 7 Nov. 2013; BBC 26 Dec. 2013). You are about to leave travel.state.gov for an external website that is not maintained by the U.S. Department of State. New versions have a brown cover for adults, photo, digital biodata, and stronger security features; and a dark green cover without photo for minor children under 15. There is no reciprocity fee for the issuance of a J visa if the alien is a United States Government grantee or a participant in an exchange program sponsored by the United States Government. "Iran May Increase Compulsory Military Service by Three Months." . The estimated force level of the regular army increased from 325,000 in 2001 to 350,000 in 2007, a level which continued throught 2019. "Shamsi to Gregorian Converter." If you wish to remain on travel.state.gov, click the "cancel" message. Sina Azodi. Comments:The national ID card is not accepted in lieu of the Birth Certificate document. The majority of the population, moreover, is under 25 years of age and thus has no personal memory of the Iranian Revolution. Men who were exempted before 1990 may not have been issued a card explaining why they were exempt. Internet sites, including: Amnesty International; ecoi.net; Iran - Islamic Parliament of Iran, Iranian Police, National Portal for Iran, Office of the Supreme Leader Sayyid Ali Khamenei, Presidency Website; Iran Data Portal; Hein Online; Legislationline; Small Media; United Nations - Refworld. A 2013 UK Home Office Country of Origin Information Report indicates that, according to a translation of the website of the Iranian Embassy in the UK, the only male child must be over the age of 18 and his father must be over the age of 60 (UK 26 Sept. 2013, 56); being "the sole caretaker of a parent, a minor or ill sibling or ill grandparents" (IHRDC 7 Nov. 2014) or, according to Al-Monitor, only children caring for parents (19 Dec. 2013); being "a man who has demonstrated exceptional scholastic achievement" (IHRDC 7 Nov. 2014); Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) states that members of the Basij are exempt from military service (19 June 2009), while an article in the Middle East Journal indicates that this is a "possibility" if they are active in the Basij for 5 years or more (30 June 2013); "those who work in industries vital to the government or military" may also be exempt, according to Al-Monitor (19 Dec. 2013). (Denmark Feb. 2013, 70). Charles Recknagel. Corroborating information could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response. In December 2013, General Kamali stated that "[b]ecause of its discriminatory nature, paying off military service was never desired by the armed forces, and that option has been closed" (19 Dec. 2013). Those living outside of Iran may apply for the card by submitting a special form to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Israel, Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza. Alternate Documents:There are no alternate documents. All pages of the document are required for immigrant visa processing. Issuing Authority Personnel Title: There is no issuing authority personnel title. (for almost 10 years) During the interview I was asked about my military card or exemption and I explained that I do not have because I did not even serve in the military ! 8. Select a visa category below to find the visa issuance fee, I have never served in Iranian military and I have no exemption card or military card and even no Iranian passport/ nationality anymore. The decision to encourage women to join in the military effort may indicate an increasing demand for personnel or an effort to gain increased popu lar support for the Revolution. If there is a number, such as "One", you may apply for entry one time with that visa. Temporary marriages (sigheh or ezdevaj-e movaghat) are religious marriages that are entered into for a specific period of time. Sources state that, the recruitment age of the Basij Forces ["a paramilitary volunteer militia" (Al Jazeera 24 Apr. The current list of eligible countries is available on USCIS's website for both H-2A and H-2B visas. Image: Iranian army military personnel hold Iran flags while attending a funeral for the Iran-Iraq war (1980-88) unknown martyrs in downtown Tehran on January 6, 2022. February 28, 2024. 2014)]. 14 October 2008. Alireza Fazeli Monfared, 20, was executed after they discovered a letter saying he had been exempted from the military service due to his sexuality, according to 6Rang. Compulsory conscription has been in effect since 1926, when Reza Shah's Military Service Act was passed by the Majlis. Both versions include a space for notes, death information, and where the registration office records any changes or corrections to the information in the document, such as a legal name change or a correction to the date or place of birth. 4 May 2013. G-1, G-2, and G-3 visa applicants must submit their applications to either U.S. Embassy Bern or U.S. Embassy Vienna. Human Rights Watch adds that gay and transgender Iranians who are exempted from military service "are not immune from harassment and abuse" and that doctors have reportedly pressured gay men seeking exemption to apply for exemption as transsexuals instead (Dec. 2010, 25). Since the beginning of 1986, women had also been en couraged to receive military training, and women were actually serving in special Pasdaran units as of late 1987. 2014], XE. Sign in to follow this . Clean record certificates can be obtained in Iran or from Iranian Embassies and Consulates, and the physical appearance of the certificate changes significantly depending on which authority issued it. ; US 26 Feb. 2014). Document Name:Kart-e Shenasayi-e Melli; or Kart-e Melli (National Card), Issuing Authority:National Organization for Civil Registration. Compounding this dilemma, many conscripts came from those areas where Persian was not spoken. Both parties birth certificates, national ID cards, medical reports, and the brides fathers birth certificate are required. People who refuse military service cannot get a passport. N.d. "About Us." Money: Non-Iranian credit cards and bank cards cannot be used in Iran. Certified Copies Available:Certified copies are not available. Vietnam War: 2/28/61 - 5/7/75 *. [Accessed 25 Mar. 2014], Taghvim.com. Management: (+9821)66707131-9 Alternate Documents: There are no alternate documents. Discrimination and Violence Against Sexual Minorities in Iran. Fee: The reciprocity fee, also known as the visa issuance fee, you must pay. According to the IHRDC, Article 33, paragraph 8 of the regulatory code that governs medical exemptions from military service notes that "'moral and sexual deviancy, such as transsexuality'" is considered to be grounds for a medical exemption (19 June 2013). The new digital version contains the individual's national ID number (also found on the right-hand side of the passport biodata page) and a bar code. It was considered that by allowing them to leave, the authorities were thereby getting rid of dissent. Procedure for Obtaining:There is no procedure for obtaining. [Accessed 25 Mar. Iran now has a largely conscripted force with limited military training and little combat experience. "M" means multiple times. Iran does not recognize the Bahai'i faith as a minority religion, thus the documentation of such marriages differs from Islamic marriages or marriages of other religious minorities. The undated website of the Iranian Embassy in The Hague states that. With the 1979 with drawal of foreign military and civilian advisers, particularly from the United States and Pakistan, the operation, maintenance, and logistical functioning of armed forces' equipment was hampered by a critical shortage of skilled manpower. Procedure for Obtaining:Apply at local registration office. A fact-finding mission on Iran conducted by the Danish Refugee Council, Norway's LANDINFO, and the Danish Immigration Service from 9 November to 20 November 2012 and 8 January to 9 January 2013 states that, [t]he consular officers of the US embassy in Ankara noted that after the post-election political turmoil in the summer of 2009 it appears as if the Iranian Government has eased the requirements to allow people to leave the country in the sense that a young man wishing to leave the country before having completed his military service is able to deposit a bond of 12,000 USD and be allowed travel abroad for study. The Iranians who fought on the frontlines during the Iran-Iraq war from 1980 to 1988 are retired. G-4 and G-5 applicants are not required to apply at U.S. Embassy Bern or U.S. Embassy Vienna. A computer engineer would serve as a computer operator and so on. [Accessed 25 Mar. Special Seal(s) / Color / Format:The card contains a full-face photo (left-aligned), and biodata (right-aligned), including the unique national ID number (different from shenasnameh number), given name, surname, date of birth (Persian calendar), fathers given name, and expiration date. Iranian subjects who live abroad in case of having the following conditions, by paying 10 million Toman can benefit from military services exemption against cash payment. Comments:The booklet includes the individuals name and surname; place and date of birth; gender; unique ID number; parents names and places of birth; date and place of issuance; and identifying information of the individuals spouses and children. (Factiva), Nonviolent Peaceforce (NP). 2014], _____. The IRGC is made up of about 190,000 active personnel at any given timethe majority of whom were conscripted. Document Name:Govahiye Fot (Death Certificate). See 'NOTE' under Canadian reciprocity schedule regarding applicants of Iranian, Iraqi or Libyan nationality. According to a 2020 survey from 6Rang, nearly 63 percent of Iranian LGBTQ people reported experiencing violence perpetrated by their nuclear family. New military ID cards list the subsection of the law dictating their exemption on their ID cards, which identifies them as gay or transgender and puts them at risk of physical danger and. Original and photocopy of the Certificate of Completion of Military Service or Exemption from Service, or filling out Formno.104 for granting permission to exit once a year (for those required to do Military service and those born after 1338 (1959) who have not yet done their service and are not in possession of any Exemptions and have left the OFFICIAL TRANSLATION FROM PERSIAN Emblem Police Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran MILITARY SERVICE EXEMPTION CARD This card is valid only for peace period Scanned photo of the Holder National ID No. Check carefully whether this total is listed in Iranian rials or tomans (one toman is ten rials), and check the conversion rate as the total in dollars is often an incorrect. Since a temporary marriage would not be valid for immigration purposes, the applicant should be processed for visa purposes as though unmarried. "M" means multiple times. National Organization for Civil Registration: (sabteahval.ir) Given the tens of thousands of Iranians whom the IRGC drafted over the years, its likely that many have relatives who are part of the large Iranian diaspora in the United States. If you live in United States, please visit daftar.org the official website of the Interests Section of the Islamic Republic of Iran for complete list of forms and fees to obtain civil documents. Country of Origin Information Report. Follow him on Twitter@Azodiac83. Iranian males 18 to 49 years of age are legally eligible for conscription, for an active service term of 18 months followed by voluntary reserve service. When major global news breaks, the Atlantic Councils experts have you covereddelivering their sharpest rapid insight and forward-looking analysis direct to your inbox. In 2019, the US State Department designated the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) as a terrorist organization, an unprecedented action against the military of a foreign state. Similarly, Al-Monitor reports that, according to General Kamali, "reduced-time exemptions are still applicable for those who entered military service this Iranian calendar year, which ends March 2014" (19 Dec. 2013). 9. Corroborating information could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response. You'll also get priority processing on your application. This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. IranSource UkraineAlert is a comprehensive online publication that provides regular news and analysis on developments in Ukraines politics, economy, civil society, and culture. 21 December 2014. [Accessed 25 Mar. N.d. "About Press TV." These cards facilitate the United States in honoring its host country obligations under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (VCDR), [] If lost then the applicant should apply for a duplicate shenasnameh. Absence without leave for more than 15 days without a valid reason is punishable by six months' to two years' imprisonment and/or 12 months extension of military service. New military ID cards list the subsection of the law dictating their exemption on their ID cards, which identifies them as gay or transgender and puts them at risk of physical danger and general discrimination. This fee is in addition to the nonimmigrant visa application fee (MRV fee). According to the website of the Iranian Embassy in the UK, the only male child must be over the age of 18 and his father must be over the age of 60; being the sole caretaker of a parent, a minor or ill sibling or ill grandparents or, only children caring for parents; being a man who has demonstrated exceptional scholastic achievement; members of the Basij are exempt from military service, which is a possibility if they are active in the Basij for 5 years or more; those who work in industries vital to the government or military may also be exempt. N.d. "Iranian Newspapers." military service of the penalties likely to be faced if the person refuses to undertake, evades, or deserts from, military service 1.2 Points to note 1.2.1 Military service is compulsory for all males aged between 18 and 49 although there are some grounds for exemption (see Eligibility). U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE BUREAU of CONSULAR AFFAIRS. Those who due to handicaps or mental and/or physical illnesses are permanently unable to be drafted for mandatory service period. Every year about 580,000 men reach conscription age of 18 years for compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; 17 years of age for Law Enforcement Forces; 15 years of age for Basij Forces (Popular Mobilization Army). . If you are exempt from the service please provide a copy and certified English translation of your military service exemption card. Registration Criteria:A notary public (daftar-e asnad-e rasmi) registers divorces and marriages for Muslims and those who practice recognized minority religions (Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism). The IHRDC indicates that "many young males of military age" attempt to avoid military service through "exemptions or by informal and illegal means through monetary bribes to officials" (7 Nov. 2014). Those who due to weak disposition, growth deficiency or suffering from physical or mental illnesses are temporarily not capable of serving for the mandatory period. Their dependents (spouse and children) accompanying or following to join them may be admitted in the "trade dependent" or "TD" category whether or not they possess Canadian or Mexican nationality. It is important to inquire about temporary marriages when processing adoption cases from Iran, as posts frequently see children born of temporary marriages.
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