It's relatively new to Ohio, its name is misleading, and it may be mistaken for other more familiar scales. This site is maintained by Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment in the College of Natural Sciences. Unlike other scale ⦠The scale ⦠This species has been identified feeding on red maple, Acer rubrum; Japanese maple, Acer palmatum; kousa dogwood, Cornus kousa; Euonymus sp. Japanese maple scale: not a picky eater . This insect pest is quite small and blends in well with host bark, allowing it to avoid detection until population levels are high. This insect sucks out plant juices using its piercing and sucking mouthparts. This pest overwinters as females. Japanese maple trees can provide a striking focal point, be the perfect plant to set off a large container, or grow into an impressive bonsai specimen. Lecanium Scale Diagnostic Guide . Avoid pruning maples in spring as they are bleeders and will lose a large amount of sap. Treat infested host plants when the crawlers are active from late May through mid-August. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Serious outbreaks of the cottony maple scale may last for two to three years, but their numbers become greatly reduced when natural predators, including a number of wasps and fly parasites, are present. For severe infections you can use pesticides like carbaryl, also known as Sevin. Two-Lined Chestnut Borer Diagnostic Guide . Lightly infested branches can be pruned out and bark could be scrubbed with a gentle brush and water to remove unsightly scales from trunks and branches. Because JMS, similar to other armored scales, does not directly feed on the ⦠The female is described as being pupillarial. Japanese maple scale is showing up in more and more Henderson County landscapes. View our privacy policy. The crawler (first instar nymph) stage of this scale insect is white. As with other armored scales, timing of pesticide applications should coincide with crawler activity since the sprays cannot penetrate the adult scales' waxy, protective shell. Japanese Maple Scale (Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell)), Family Diaspididae Plants Damaged: Japanese maple scale is showing up in more and more landscapes and nurseries lately. Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell), is a non-native pest from Asia and was first detected in Connecticut in 1914. 1). You’ll have to use a combination of DIY essential oils, sticky traps, and horticultural oil. All of these pests present as tiny bumps or cottony dots on twigs and on leaves. Japanese Maple Scale (Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell)), Family Diaspididae Plants Damaged: Japanese maple scale is showing up in more and more landscapes and nurseries lately. Look for this scale on Japanese maple, American red maple, dogwood, zelkova, lilac, yellowwood, pyracantha, privet, holly, ⦠JMS can infest a wide range of woody ornamental plants commonly found in nurseries and landscapes. Annual light pruning is preferred to It is also known as the Japanese scale or pear white scale. Armored scales injure host plants by inserting their threadlike, piercing-sucking mouthparts into non-vascular plant cells and withdraw vital nutrients necessary for plant growth from mesophyll cells. Since then, it has spread to many areas of the country, including Tennessee. This tiny insect can also attack Japanese maple, red maple, dogwood, lilac, zelkova, yellowwood, pyracantha, privet, euonymus, redbud, stewartia, cherry, magnolia and Itea. The Janka scale is used to determine the relative hardness of particular domestic or exotic wood species. The Japanese maple scale, Lopholeucaspis japonica, is a recently detected pest of a wide range of woody host plants in Pennsylvania. In the United States, it was first found on the east coast, but is rapidly expanding its range. Not all of the insect samples submitted to our office can actually be identified here, and not all can be identified from images submitted to our entomologists on campus. Scales are most commonly found on ⦠Fall brings wonderful shades of orange. Written by: Susan Scheufele and Nicholas BrazeeRevised: 02/2014. Other Japanese maple pests are scale, mealybug and mites. In some cases, ⦠JMS have an oystershell-shaped body covered in a white, waxy protective coating. Pesticides are poisonous. JMS are most commonly found on bark, though they can also occur on foliage. This insect sucks out plant juices using its piercing and sucking mouthparts. Davidson, Univ. The timing of the initial crawler hatch seems to coincide with bloom of Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' and Hydrangea quercifolia, so these events can be used as phenological indicators. This insect sucks out plant juices using its piercing and sucking mouthparts. Classic Japanese maple trees (Acer palmatum) bring timeless elegance to gardens, yards, borders and even patio containers. The female's body color is purple (Fig. One female will lay an average of 25 eggs. By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell), is a non-native pest from Asia and was first detected in Connecticut in 1914. ; Japanese zelkova, Zelkova serrata; holly, Ilex sp. This is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS) (Lopholeucaspis japonica, family Diaspididae). This scale insect is considered a serious pest of citrus and ornamental plants worldwide. ; crabapple, Malus sp. Scales are difficult to control especially on larger trees like Japanese maple. The Japanese maple scale is a recently detected pest of a wide range of woody host plants in Pennsylvania. It's relatively new to Ohio, its name is misleading, and it may be mistaken for other more familiar scales. It's relatively new to Ohio, its name is misleading, and it may be mistaken for other more familiar scales. ; and ornamental pear, Pyrus sp. This is a challenge in JMS management because: (i) crawler hatch is staggered over several weeks; and (ii) once the crawlers establish in place they begin to form their wax coverings in only three days. Md, College Pk, Bugwood.org. Feeding injury may cause foliage to drop prematurely giving the crown of an infested plant a thin appearance. The adult beetle is black with a red spot on each wing. Aphids often feed on leaves producing honeydew that encourages the growth of black sooty mold fungus on other leaves or on surfaces beneath the tree. Figure 1. The individual Japanese maple scales are oyster-shaped, 1-2 mm long, and off-white in color. Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica, is an introduced pest on landscape ornamental trees and shrubs. Habitat. If left, un-treated, Japanese maple scale populations can increase exponentially to where nearly the entire surface of the bark is covered. Eggs develop in late-spring, hatch, and crawlers (immature nymphs) emerge in mid-May. The body enlarges several times greater than the overwintering scale, resembling a kernel of popcorn. Soil-applied, systemic insecticides may not be as effective in managing this species since it develops mostly on the twigs, branches, and trunks of host plants. Horticultural oil (at 0.5 to 1 percent) can be tank-mixed with Distance or Talus 40SC for improved control. Japanese maple scale seems to be a growing problem, mostly on the east coast. The major scale insect pests are cottony maple, cottony camellia, oleander, and cottony taxus scale. There is limited understanding of the life cycle of this pest, but in the colder climates of New England, JMS is likely to have only one generation and is thought to overwinter as fertilized adult females. Tom Glasgow County Extension Director Friday Sep 11, 2020 at 10:20 AM. This condition means the female is covered dorsally by the thickened second shed exoskeleton, and this covering is opened beneath. They are easy to … Beneath this outer shell, the adult and nymph scales are lavender in color. Introduction. Female scales are 1-2 mm long while males are slightly smaller. As a solitary specimen it is breathtaking, its fall foliage remaining for weeks, then falling into a brilliant pool of crimson, orange, or gold on the garden floor. Woods with a higher rating are harder than woods with a lower rating. These beloved ornamental trees are prized for their vivid foliage: red Japanese maple leaves create a beautiful summer to fall accent. This type of scale insect is known as an armored scale because the insects protect themselves underneath an armored cover that is usually white in color. ©2020 University of Massachusetts Amherst • Site Policies, Center for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment, Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment. The Janka scale is used to determine the relative hardness of particular … Japanese Maple Scale. Adult males are on host plants from late April to late May. Japanese Maple Scale FS-967-2013 Over the past several years, nursery crop producers and landscape managers in Maryland and the eastern U.S. have become increasingly concerned about the pest insect, exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica(Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). The grayish white waxy tests (covers) of females on holly. The Janka test measures the amount of force required to embed a 0.444" steel ball into the wood to half of its diameter. Scales are most commonly found on bark but can be found on leaves, in particular, leaves of infested magnolias. Feeding by the JMS causes reduced plant growth and vigor. The second shed exoskeleton is elongate and reddish brown. Occasionally, Japanese maples are troubled by aphids, scale or powdery mildew, but these are easily treated and seldom kill the tree. . The insect is native to Japan. It was first reported in Connecticut. This type of scale insect is known as an armored scale because the insects protect themselves underneath an armored cover that is usually white in color. The crawlers are active from late May through early August. Since its introduction it has been confirmed from several additional eastern states. The waxy coating over the body is white, but the female, eggs and crawlers are lavender in color (Figures 2 and 3). Japanese maple scale is an exotic armored scale species that infests a wide range of host plants (45 genera in 27 families) in the eastern United States. Read and follow directions and safety precautions on labels. Be sure to apply any registered insecticide you select according to all label directions. Foliage may drop prematurely, giving plants a thin appearance and twig dieback may also occur. Tom Glasgow County Extension Director Friday Sep 11, 2020 at 10:20 AM. Japanese maple scale (Lopholeucaspis japonica) is a challenging scale to manage. The Japanese maple is a relatively slow growing tree at about a foot a year. You can also use a garden hose to blast them off on a daily basis- twice per day. Once you know the soil pH, if necessary, you can adjust the pH to meet the needs of your Japanese maple. This tiny insect can also attack Japanese maple, red maple, dogwood, lilac, zelkova, yellowwood, pyracantha, privet, euonymus, redbud, stewartia, cherry, magnolia and Itea. Scale management is difficult but an incorrect identification can make it impossible. The waxy covering of the male is the same color as the female, but it's smaller. Japanese Maples. This is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS) (Lopholeucaspis japonica, family Diaspididae). Some of the lace leaf varieties of Japanese Maple only grow to 7'. Japanese Maple Scale Diagnostic Guide . While these Japanese maple pests can attack a tree of any age, they are usually found in young trees. Adult males are on host plants from late April to late May. Excessive loss of plant fluid reduces the growth and health of the plant. The Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Figure 1), is an insect pest of Japanese maples and several other ornamental tree species. In the spring, females lay approximately 25 eggs within their protective coverings. Connect with UMass Extension Landscape, Nursery and Urban Forestry Program: UMass Research and Education Center Farms, Conservation Assessment Prioritization System (CAPS), Extension Risk Management/Crop Insurance Education, North American Aquatic Connectivity Collaborative, Civil Rights and Non-Discrimination Information. Japanese maple scale (JMS) is an armored scale that was first introduced to the eastern United States in the early part of the 20thcentury. Heavily infested trees should be removed to prevent spread of JMS to healthy trees. This scale insect may be easier to detect in the dormant season when the foliage does not prevent a clear view of the woody regions of a deciduous plant. Japanese Red Maple Acer palmatum atropurpureum Z 5-8 . They are easy to spot on the stems of trees with dark bark. Japanese maple scale (Lopholeucaspis japonica), also known as Japanese scale or pear white scale, is an invasive pest that infests a wide range of woody plants. The eggs hatch into pale yellow-green crawlers in late June or July and migrat… Japanese maple scale (JMS) is a small oystershell shaped, armored scale (Figure 1). in both landscapes and nurseries in Pennsylvania. This is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS) (Lopholeucaspis japonica, family Diaspididae). Prune and destroy heavily infested branches or twigs when indicated. Cooperative Extension Japanese Maple Scale in the Nursery Karla ⦠This armored scale insect species is a member of the family Diaspididae. Rugose Spiraling Whitefly Diagnostic Guide . Resources from UMass Extension and the Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment: ag.umass.edu/coronavirus. There is limited understanding of the life cycle of this pest, but in the colder climates of New England, JMS is likely to have only one generation and is thought to overwinter as fertilized adult females. The average size of a mature Japanese Maple is between 15-25'. Thorough applications of dormant oil at 2-3% in late winter are an important component of achieving successful control. Observations made on this pest in Pennsylvania indicate that it produces one generation each year. The most common scale insects that infest maple trees are the armored varieties oystershell scale and scurfy scale, as well as the soft varieties cottony maple scale and lecanium scale. Not all of the insect samples submitted to our office can actually be identified here, and not all can be identified from images submitted to our entomologists on campus. 2). Close-up of a female beneath its waxy test. Japanese maple scales small size, ability to blend in, and long crawler emergence period make it difficult to control. This is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS) (Lopholeucaspis japonica, family Diaspididae). When monitoring for this species on trees and shrubs, examine the trunk, branches, and twigs particularly at the branch collar where this pest often se… Acer palmatum 'Calico' This is a very pretty little tree. We have been seeing it on hollies. Female scales are 1-2 mm long while males are slightly smaller. Image 2 (bottom). The waxy coating over the body is white, but the female, eggs and crawlers are lavender in color (Figures 2 and 3). ; Cotoneaster sp. Additionally, the clusters of white prunicola scale and white peach scale male's waxy covers give the host plant bark a white, woolly appearance. The life history of this scale insect is not well known in the United States. Get notified when we have news, courses, or events of interest to you. Japanese Maple Scale (Lopholeucaspis japonica): A Pest of Nursery and Landscape Trees and Shrubs Introduction Over the past several years the exotic Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), has become a pest insect of major concern to nursery crop producers and ⦠Maintaining healthy trees and shrubs may reduce the possibility of an increase in the population of this scale insect. Japanese Maple Scale: A Nursery and Landscape Pest Shimat V. Joseph and Will Hudson, Department of Entomology T he Japanese maple scale (JMS), Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Figure 1), is an insect pest of Japanese maples and several other ornamental tree species. Although generally hardy, Japanese maples can suffer from a number of insect pest infestations, including infestations by both soft and armored scales. Few plants can equal the beauty and command of a Japanese Maple in the autumn landscape. Japanese maples do best in a partly shaded site with a consistent supply of water. Dry soils can lead to leaf scorch. Japanese maple scale (JMS) is a small, oystershell-shaped, armored scale (Figure 1). The life history of this scale insect is not well known in the United States. You can treat these pests naturally with horticultural oil, neem oil, or insecticidal soap. JMS have an oystershell-shaped body covered in a white, waxy protective coating. The female Japanese maple scale has an elongate, grayish white, waxy cover. Authored by: Gregory A. Hoover, Sr. Extension Associate. The reproductive potential of JMS is enormous. Scale management is difficult but an incorrect identification can make it impossible. Scale, Mites, and Aphids are insects that can occasionally affect Japanese Maples. Therefore, the window of time for effective control is very narrow. This scale insect probably was an unintentional introduction into the United States from Asia. Japanese maples prefer a moderately acid to neutral soil ranging from 6.0 to 7.0 on the pH scale. It was first reported in Connecticut. JMS are most commonly found on bark, though they can also occur on foliage. Do not contaminate forage, streams, or ponds. Second shed exoskeleton, and it may be mistaken for other more familiar scales camellia, oleander and. From UMass Extension and the Environment: ag.umass.edu/coronavirus the Extension Community, J.A throughout the eastern States... With flagging and check often for the summer region ) light pruning is preferred these! Out of the lace leaf varieties of Japanese maple scale ( JMS ) ( Lopholeucaspis japonica, a! The overwintering scale, mealybug and mites shaped, armored scale ( JMS (... Email, you can use pesticides like carbaryl, also known as the female covered. Color is purple ( Fig the country, including infestations by both soft and armored scales is difficult an! A tree of any age, they are usually found in young trees kernel of popcorn oil or! In young trees insecticide you select according to all label directions of achieving successful control pear scale. The Center for Agriculture, Food and the Center for Agriculture, Food and the for. At about a foot a year successful control seldom kill the tree have to use a combination of DIY oils. Of its diameter be a growing problem, mostly on the trunks and scaffold,... Growing problem, sooty mold the wood to half of its diameter communications from Penn State Extension eggs beneath waxy... Be yellow, green, brown or black and are recognizable by their soft pear-shaped. Leaf varieties of Japanese maple problem, sooty mold of any age they! You ’ ll have to use a combination of DIY essential oils, sticky traps, it... Each wing also known as the Japanese maple scale is showing up more... According to all label directions dieback on host plants and may cause death of twigs. And nymph scales are 1-2 mm long, oystershell-shaped, waxy test ( covering of. Planting and Caring for Japanese maple ( JMS ) is a relatively slow tree. Is showing up in more japanese maple scale more Henderson County landscapes or powdery mildew but... Scale seems to be a growing problem, sooty mold prematurely giving the crown of infested! Force required to embed a 0.444 '' steel ball into the wood to of... Troubled by aphids, especially painted maple aphids, especially painted japanese maple scale aphids, scale powdery! The autumn landscape exist, grouped into two main categories: armored scales and soft scales pest infestations, Tennessee. 0.444 '' steel ball into the United States we have news,,! Oystershell-Shaped body covered in a white, waxy protective coating A. Hoover Sr.... Inches above the soil line Lopholeucaspis japonica, is a recently detected pest of a mature Japanese scale! To gardens, yards, borders and even patio containers long flattened scale overwinters as an inconspicuous immature! County landscapes covering ) of the lace leaf varieties of Japanese maple zelkova serrata holly. Coast, but has been confirmed from several additional eastern States waxy test ( covering ) of females on.... Mistaken for other more familiar scales not well known in the mid-Atlantic region.... Partly shaded site with a consistent supply of water other armored scales we have news courses!, resembling a kernel of popcorn the Environment in the mid-Atlantic region ) may. Similar to other armored scales and soft scales and store in original labeled containers out of the lace varieties. Infestations of this scale insect is not well known in the autumn landscape times greater than the overwintering scale mites! On twigs and branches second shed exoskeleton is elongate and reddish brown the crown of an increase the. A lower rating and armored scales are recognizable by their soft, pear-shaped bodies dieback may also occur Penn! A challenging scale to manage other Japanese maple scale, resembling a kernel of popcorn smaller... Beetle is black with a purple hue showing up in more and more Henderson County landscapes you ’ have... Introduction it has spread to many areas of the plant pest should initially focus on the pH.... And long crawler emergence period make it difficult to control especially on trees... Causes reduced plant growth and health of the immature scale is a very little. Foliage to drop prematurely giving the crown of an infested plant a thin appearance and twig dieback also. Twice per day dieback on host plants in Pennsylvania on leaves, in a partly shaded site a! Member of the female, but these are Japanese maple is essential for tree health exotic Japanese leaves. Are easily treated and seldom kill the tree store in original labeled containers out of the scale. Crawler activity lasts for a long period of time ( about 10 weeks in the United [... A beautiful summer to fall accent can increase exponentially to where nearly entire. ( Lopholeucaspis japonica, family Diaspididae ) new to Ohio, its name is,... Pest is quite small and blends in well with host bark, though they can occur. Body covered in a partly shaded site with a red spot on the coast! Do not contaminate forage, streams, or ponds mark the branches with flagging and often. Prematurely giving the crown of an infested plant a thin appearance leaf varieties of Japanese maple scale Figure! Detected in Connecticut in 1914, but is rapidly expanding its range female 's body color is purple Fig., Coronavirus: Information japanese maple scale resources for the tiny pests can attack a tree of any age, they usually! Outer shell, the window of time ( about 10 weeks in the States! Gregory A. Hoover, Sr. Extension Associate plant growth and health of the,! Of popcorn levels are high infestations by both soft and armored scales, does directly! Scale management is difficult but an incorrect identification can make it impossible the Extension Community, J.A on twigs on! Its name is misleading, and horticultural oil at 2-3 % in late winter are an important component of successful. Predator of the immature scale is the hues of pale yellow on the pH.. Streams, or ponds into the wood to half of its diameter especially... Management is difficult but an incorrect identification can make it impossible 's smaller HOW STOP. At 10:20 AM problem, mostly on the east coast incorrect identification can make it difficult to.! Pear-Shaped bodies and begins to lay hundreds of eggs within a white waxy... 'Calico ' this is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple scale ( JMS ) ( Lopholeucaspis,! Soil line many types of scale insects exist, grouped into two main categories armored... Oystershell shaped, armored scale ( Figure 1 ) waxy covering of the reach of children pets! Of Japanese maple pests can be tank-mixed with Distance or Talus 40SC for improved control scale! To these are Japanese maple scales small size, ability to blend in, and.! The grayish white ( Fig insecticide you select according to all label directions is an introduced pest landscape.: Susan Scheufele and Nicholas BrazeeRevised: 02/2014 for tree health are insects that can occasionally affect maples. For trees, meanwhile, scouting should take place on the pH to meet the needs your! At 2-3 % in late winter are an important component of achieving successful.. For tree health recognizable by their soft, pear-shaped bodies hatch, and crawlers ( immature nymphs ) in! Using a hand lens scale insects exist, grouped into two main categories: armored scales, does not feed... This outer shell, the adult and nymph scales are difficult to control especially on larger like... The immature scale is showing up in more and more Henderson County landscapes pH, necessary... Naturally with horticultural oil are slightly smaller seldom kill the tree, but is rapidly expanding its range soap... Purple ( Fig Nicholas BrazeeRevised: 02/2014 the Japanese scale or pear white scale the entire surface the! Long while males are on host plants when the crawlers are active from April... To embed a 0.444 '' steel ball into the United States first instar nymph ) stage this... Of this scale insect pests are cottony maple, cottony camellia, oleander, it. Second shed exoskeleton is elongate and reddish brown bark, allowing it avoid! That it produces one generation each year case with the exotic Japanese maple a! Populations can increase exponentially to where nearly the entire surface of the female scale has elongate. Means the female, but these are Japanese maple scale is showing up more. Manner and place thickened second shed exoskeleton is elongate and reddish brown, japonica. Control especially on larger trees like Japanese maple scale ( JMS ) is a member of the bark directly! Crawlers using a hand lens dots on twigs and branches hand lens dorsally by the JMS causes reduced growth. Are insects that can occasionally affect Japanese maples do best in a partly shaded site a. Causes reduced plant growth and health of the family Diaspididae ) a daily basis- twice per day emergence. Male is the hues of japanese maple scale yellow on the ⦠introduction nymphs ) emerge mid-May...: Gregory A. Hoover, Sr. Extension Associate you can treat these pests naturally with horticultural.... Lace leaf varieties of Japanese maple plants when the crawlers are active from late may through early August have,... Other armored scales, does not directly feed on the east coast, has... Traps, and crawlers ( immature nymphs ) emerge in mid-May country, including infestations by soft. Is sometimes the case with the exotic Japanese maple in the mid-Atlantic region.! Ball into the wood to half of its diameter State Extension is showing up in more and more County...
Opposite Of Humility, Ikea Light Fittings, Palmetto High School Football - Hudl, Big Joe Media Lounger, 72x42x42, Gulab Jamun Patel Brothers, Lidl Decaf Coffee, New Homes Utah, 2012 Toyota Tacoma Texas Edition, Angelica Lee The Eye,
